Geomorphology

Relief:

• Polygenetic grounds – the oldest relief forms at Šar Planina, represented as rolling plateaus;
• Dominant mountain peaks – Šar Planina is characterized by namy peaks reaching above 2000 m.a.s.l., and there is significant number of thosevabove 2500 m.a.s.l. The following Šar Planina’s peaks are the most prominent (dominant), starting from northwest towards southwest: Ljuboten (2499 m), Livadica (2497 m), Kuchinagledski Vrv (Piribeg, 2524 m), Ezerski Vrv (2586 m), Peskovi (2651 m), Konjushka (2571 m), Crn Vrv (2585 m), Kobilica (2528 m), Karanikolica (2409 m), Skakala (2517 m), Klech (2414 m), Titov Vrv (2747 m), Dzinibeg (2610 m), Chelepinski Vrv (2554 m), Rudoka (2658 m), Bristovec (Borislavec, 2675 m), Golema Vraca (2582 m), Mala Vraca (2536 m), Radika (2405 m), Fudan (2221 m), Kozha (1743 m) and others.

Borislaec

• Rock cuts (cliffs) – Most remarkable are the rock cliffs in the vicinity of Leshnica, on the right valley bank of the river Pena.

Leshnica

• Fluvial relief – Watercourses building deep dales and river gorges are typical for Šar Planina. This has induced creation of numerous small and big waterfalls, cascades and rapids.

Skaklo

• The most attractive cascades are found on the streams Vratnichka Reka, Ljubotenska Reka, Belovishka Reka and Bogovinska Reka.

Beljoshki Waterfall

• Karst relief – Due to limited occurrence of carbonate surfaces, karst occurrence on Shar Planina is rare. Specific feature of depressions at Shar Planina Mt. is that they occur at high elevations, like at the peaks Mal Turchin and Titov Vrv, bases of Crn Kamen, Rasangjula, Dedelbeg and Ezerski Rid.

Titov Vrv


  Glacial relief– During the last glaciation of Pleistocene, glaciers went down towards east and southeast and north and northeast. Glacial erosion caused formation of many cirques. The central part of Shar Planina accommodates one of the most remarkable glacial remains on the massif - Dzinibeg, Krivoshija, Gorna Leshnica, Kazanishte etc.




Krivoshija

  Periglacial relief – Specific periglacial relief forms can be found at Rudoka, Trapeznica, in the highest parts of Pena river basin, as well as in the spring section of Bogovinska Reka.   




Trapeznica